|
Chapter 13
The organs of action and the sense-organs do not function, without mind, intellect and ego. When the mind is connected with sense-organs, then the sense-objects are perceived. The intellect decides, which sense-objects, are approved (sanctioned) and which are improper (prohibited). Ego, controls the intellect.
Ego is of two kinds:-
1. Ego as Vrtti and ego, as a doer.
The disposition of ego, is not defective. But, when a man (the self), identifies himself with this ego, being deluded he becomes the doer (agent) (Gita 3/27).
Cosmic intelligence, is an evolute of Prakrti, while ego is the evolute of intelligence, but a man by identifying himself with the ego, becomes the master i.e., becomes a doer and an enjoyer (Grta 13/21). However when he realizes the self, he is neither a doer, nor an enjoyer (Gita 13/31). The performance of these actions, have been mentioned in the Glta in several ways as "All actions are performed by Nature alone" (13/29); "All actions are performed by the modes of Nature" (3/27); "The modes are acting on the modes" (3/28); "There is no agent, other than the modes" (14/19); "Senses move among the sense-objects" (5/9) etc. It means, that all actions performed by the external and internal instruments, are performed by Prakrti (Nature).
Purusah sukhaduhkhanam...,heturucyate:- It is the Purusa, that experiences, pleasure and pain; Prakrti being insentient cannot experience, pleasure or pain. The Purusa, experiences these only, by being pleased and displeased, in favourable and unfavourable circumstances. If he is not pleased and displeased, in favourable and unfavourable circumstances, he can never be an enjoyer, of pleasure and pain.
In the fourth and the fifth verses of the seventh chapter, the Lord has described His lower (insentient) and higher (sentient), natures. Both natures are portions of God. So, they are naturally flowing towards God. The embodied soul, a fragment of God, has a natural inclination, to Him. But, being attracted by worldly enjoyments, he identifies himself with the body. Thus he creates his own distinct existence (Gila 13/21). This is denoted as, 'I am'. It consists of two aspects—consciousness incarnate and inertness. Pleasure and pain, affect only the inert portion (Matter or body). But because of affinity with Matter, he assumes pleasure and pain, in the self. He feels 'I am happy', 'I am sad'. Thus a businessman, regards loss in business, as his own loss.
|
|