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Chapter 12
Here the term 'Jnana, stands for the knowledge of scriptures, rather than Self-realization, because Self-realization, is the fruit of all spiritual disciplines. This knowledge, is better than practice, in which there is neither knowledge of the scriptures, nor meditation, nor renunciation of fruit of action.
Spiritual knowledge, which is gained through the study of scriptures and through the discourses of saints, but not translated into practice, is 'Juana', which is mentioned here. This knowledge, has been called, better than practice, because practice without knowledge of scriptures, is not so useful for God-realization, as is knowledge without practice. Because through knowledge, the desire for God-realization is aroused, and so a striver, can transcend the world, more easily than he can by above referred practice.
Jnsnaddhyanam visisyate:- Here the term'Dhyana, stands for meditation or concentration of mind, rather than Dhyanayoga', which involves the knowledge of scriptures and renunciation of fruit of action. Such meditation, is better than knowledge, which does not involve practice, meditation and renunciation of fruit of action. Mind is controlled by meditation, rather than by mere spiritual knowledge. Through meditation, there is accumulation of energy, which is not possible, through knowledge.
If a striver, utilizes that energy for spiritual progress, he can advance very quickly, which is not possible through knowledge. Besides, it a striver, through meditation (if he studies scriptures) can gain true knowledge, more easily, while a striver who studies scriptures, faces difficulty in meditation, because of volatility of mind. [In these days also, it can be seen that there are so many people who study scriptures, but there are only a few, who practise meditation.]
Dhyanatkarmaphalatyagah:- Renunciation of fruit of action, without knowledge and meditation, is better than meditation without knowledge and renunciation, of fruit of action. This expression does not stand for the physical renunciation, of fruit of actions, but it relates to renunciation of a sense of mine, attachment and desire for actions and their fruits. Attachment, to all perishable objects, which are the fruits of actions, is to be renounced.
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