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Chapter 2
Link:-The next two verses deal with the manner in which a realised soul speaks.
duhkhesvanudvignamanah sukhesu vigatasprhah
vitaragabhayakrodhah sthitadhirmunirucyate
He, whose mind remains unperturbed in sorrow, who does not crave for pleasure, and who is free from passion, fear and anger is called a sage with stable wisdom. 56
Comment:-
[Arjuna puts a question, attaching importance to action, while Lord Krsna answers, attaching importance to feelings, because a change in feeling brings about a corresponding change in action.[1] The Lord is discussing here, the feeling or the motive which change the character of action throughout outwardly, it may seem quite different.]
Duhkhesvanudvignamanah:-There is no end to sorrow, calumny, dishonour and unfavourable circumstances, in this world. But a man of wisdom, remains unperturbed, because the aim of his life is to discharge his duty to the best of his ability and capacity, for the welfare to others, without having any desire for its fruit. So, he always remains happy and unperturbed even in the most unfavourable circumstances.
Sukheau vigatasprhah:-He does not crave for any kind of pleasure such as praise, honour and favourable circumstances etc., nor does he have a desire to prolong, such a state. He remains unruffled in the midst of favourable or hostile circumstances.
Vitaragabhayakrodhah:-Our entanglement with worldly things, is known as attachment (raga). If a stronger person tries to deprive us of worldly possessions, it arouses fear in us, whereas if a weaker person does so, it arouses anger in us. But a person who is keen to do good to others, automatically gets rid of attachment. This freedom from attachment, leads him to fearlessness and calmness. Thus he becomes free from attachment, fear and anger.
So long as there air perturbations, cravings, attachment, fear and anger, even in a small measure, a man is called a striver. But when he is totally free from them, he becomes an enlightened soul.
[Lust, desire, craving and greed etc., are forms of attachment. In attachment there is an attraction, for the perishable worldly objects.]
Sthitadhirmunirucyate:-The mind of such a follower of the Discipline of Selfless Action, becomes stable. Here, the term 'muni has not been used, for a person who keeps silent. The Lord has also not used the term 'manna for penance of speech, but He has used it for mental penance (Gita 17/16). So here, 'muni' has been used for a contemplative person, free from desire and attachment. He contemplates to remain unattached, like an enlightened soul. Throughout his practice he is very cautious to remain unattached. Such cautiousness automatically persists in an enlightened soul. That awareness leads him to attainment of beatitude (Gita 3/19). It is because of this virtue of awareness, that he has been described by the term 'muni.'
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