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Chapter 14
Link:- Why does the predominance of the three modes, at the time of death yield different results? The answer follows:
karmanah sukrtasyahuh shttvikam nirmalatit phalam
rajasastu phalam duhkhamajilanam tamasah phalam
The fruit of good actions is said to be Sattvika (goodness) and pure, the fruit of Rajas is pain, while the fruit of Tamas (guns) is ignorance. 16
Comment:-
[Actually, actions are neither Sattvika, nor Rajasa nor Tamasa. Actions performed by Sattvika, Rajasa and Tamasa doers, are called Sattvika, Rajasa and Tamasa respectively.]
Karmauah sukrtavyahuh sattvikam nirmatam phalam:- Sattvaguna (the mode of goodness) is pure and flawless. Action performed by the Sattvika doer (agent), is also Sattvika, because the doer is reflected in his activity; and the fruit of that action, is also pure and pleasant.
So long as, a doer has his connection with the Sattvaguna (the mode of goodness), even though he has no desire for fruit of action, he is said to be a Sattvika doer, and his. actions, bear fmit. But when his connection with the mode is renounced, he is no more called a Sattvika doer, and his actions bear no fruit, they tum into inaction.
Rajasastu phalam duhkham:- Rajoguna, is full of attachment. Actions performed by a Rajasika doer, are Rajasika and so, is their fruit. It means, that Rajasika actions, are performed with the view of getting, pleasures, comforts, luxuries, respect and praise etc., here and hereafter. But these pleasures born of contacts (with objects), are verily sources of pain (sorrow), (Gita 5/22). These lead to the cycle of birth and death. So the Lord, has declared the fruit of Rajasa action is pain.
Rajoguna (the mode of passion), gives birth to sin and pain. A person, possessing the mode of passion, performs sinful actions, which bear painful fruit. In the thirty-sixth verse of the third chapter, Arjuna asked Lord Krsna, "By what, is a man impelled to commit sin, as if by force, even against his will?" The Lord answered, "It is craving (desire), born of the mode of passion, which impels a man, to commit sin."
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