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Chapter 14
Link:—In the next verse the Lord describes the characteristic of rajogana and shows how, it binds, the spirit.
rajo ragatmakarh viddhi trsnasaitgasamudbhavam
tannibadhnati kaunteya karmasangena dehinam
Know rajas to be of the nature of passion, the source of longing and attachment. It binds the spirit through attachment to action, 0 sun of Kunti. 7
Comment:-
Rajo ragatmakadt viddhi:- This quality of rajas, manifests itself in the form of passion or attachment to persons, things and actions etc. The Lord by the term 'Ragatmakam' means to say that as in ornaments made of gold, there is nothing else besides gold, in Rajoguna there is nothing besides, attachment.
In the philosophy of sage Patanjali 'Rajoguna' has been manifested as 'activity' (action). But in the Gild, the Lord (in spite of accepting activity, as the secondary characteristic of Rajoguna), declares attachment, as the main characteristic, of Rajoguna.[1] Therefore, the Lord exhorts Arjuna to perform actions, renouncing attachment (2/48). Performance of actions without attachment, leads a man to attain the Supreme (3/19). In the twenty-second verse of this chapter, the Lord while giving the marks of him,
who has risen above the three gunas, declares that he neither bates activity when present, nor longs for it when, absent. It means, that such a soul performs actions, without attachment. Thus, it is attachment only, which leads to bondage.
At the time of new creation, the Lord's resolve of becoming manifold from one, is translated into practice. In the Gita, it is called karma (action) (8/3). When curd is churned, butter and butter-milk, are separated. Similarly, at the time of creation, with the rajoguni resolve, there is commotion in prakrti (matter) and
then Sattvaguna, in the form of butter, and Tamoguna, in the form of butter-milk, are separated. By the Sattvaguna inner sense (mind), and senses; by Rajoguna, life-breath and organs of action; and by Tamoguna, gross objects and bodies etc., are created. Other things and objects, are created by the three gums. Thus the Lord creates, the entire universe Himself, being totally free from attachment (Gita 4/13).
Trsuasangasamudbhavam:- 'Trsn-a' is thirst or desire for hankering after things etc., not yet acquired of and maintaining these having acquired them. This desire, leads to attachment for those things and persons etc. This expression Trsnasangasamudbhavam', according to Sanskrit grammar has a double meaning-l) It is the source of thirst (desire) and attachment. (2) It evolves from thirst and attachment. As a seed sprouts up into a tree, and a tree produces, several seeds, similarly rajoguna enhances desire, and attachment, while desire and attachment enhance rajoguna. It means, that they nourish each other.
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