Contents
Bhagavad Gita -Sri Madhvacharya
(Bhashya and Tatparya Nirnaya)
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Chapter 18
Mokshasanyaasa Yoga
Tatparya Nirnaya :- satvam means the living creatures. To show that the liberated beings are not bound by the attributes, they are specially referred to as the gods on the earth. The liberated ones even though move about freely in this world they are not bound by the defects of the world. For instance even though noble people dwell in samsara, the primordial world they are unlike the common people dwelling in samsara. Among the taamasik the meanest are those whose minds are obscure even though capable of being luminous. The followers of the unenlightened asuras are those who are obscure though capable of being raajasik. The great asuras are those who continue to remain extremely taamasik, obscure. The raajasik are those human beings, among whom there are Brahmins (men of Wisdom) who are raajasik combined with satva. Among them the pure saatviks arc known as Paramhamsa. Hamsa, Bahuda, Kutaja, Vanastha, Naishthika, Householders, these being in stages and in that order open to outside influences, their activities becoming progressively raajasic. The Paramahamsas are known by their serenity, self-control and outward marks of righteousness. In the case of the Gods, even though they are excessively energetic they are rarely endowed with any marks of raja. Because even when they perform energetic actions their mind is always in communion with Sri Vishnu. As far as others are concerned because of their indecisive, wavering mind their actions are normally marked as raajasik. But if their actions are attuned to Sri Vishnu, then these ones should be considered saatvik. Inquiry in Dharma and performance of sacrificial acts are the special attributes of a Brahmachari – one who is engaged in wisdom of the Brahman. Assuming together with wife the parental responsibilities and leading temporal life is the mark of a Grihastha, householder. Remaining aloof, giving up attachment to progeny and possessions, and being non-injurious to animals is the mark of one Vanaprastha, a forest-dweller. For the rest, the mark of a Sanyaasi, ascetic is similar and equanimous attitude towards all.
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