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Chapter 18
Mokshasanyaasa Yoga
18. Knowledge, object of knowledge and the knower (of the knowledge) are the three-fold instruments of action; the instrument, the action and the performer of actions constitute the three-fold constituents of action.
Bhashya :- Even for such persons no similar expectations would arise, having the attitude of the non-performer of actions. Having resorted to three-fold instruments of action, the three-fold consequence of action are also spoken. The causes have been spoken briefly in the later half of the verse. Here consequences of action means the constituents of the causes all actions. In them is included all the basis, (अधिष्ठान mentioned earlier). “Relying on Knowledge, the act of Knowing and the Knower, the scriptural injunctions become established. The Cause, the Performer and the Performance constitute the Action”, thus also in Rigveda.. Even though a non-performer of the actions, he becomes eligible as a qualified person, through knowledge of scriptures and grace of the Lord, through intended desires and performance of the actions. That is through knowledge of scriptures and being disciplined as subservient to the Lord. Even as he desires, even so he performs the actions and therefore performance of actions becomes only a inaima<a, occasion. But in normal circumstances, even though he is not the performer of the actions, through ego-sense he assumes himself to be the performer. Since the human being has more independence than other gross objects, he is capable of discriminating the scriptural injunctions. Since all this is established through experience, no additional proofs are here adduced.
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