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Chapter 13
Link:—In the preceding verse, the Lord mentioned the Puriasa, as the cause of the experience, of pleasure and pain. The question arises, how the Purusa, is the cause. The answer follows.
purusah prakrtistho hi bhunkte prakrtijangunan
karanam gunasango'sya sadasadyonijanmasu
When the spirit (purusa) seated in matter (prakrti) enjoys the modes born of prakrti (matter), attachment to the modes becomes the cause of its birth, in good and evil bodies. 21
Comment:-
Purusab prakrtistho[1] hi bhunkte prakrtijartgunan:- In fact, the spirit is not seated in Matter (body). But because of its identification with a body, it assumes the body as 'I', and 'Mine', and is thus said to be seated in the body. Such a spirit, experiences pleasure and pain, in agreeable and disagreeable circumstances. This is said by the way that the spirit enjoys the modes born of Matter.
As in a bus accident, the bus driver is held responsible for an accident because of his attachment (responsibility) to the bus, and so he is punished. It is because of the spirit's attachment to the body, that it (the spirit) enjoys the fruit of action performed by the body. If it is not attached to a body and it feels all actions to be performed by Prakrti alone, (Gita 13/29), it will not have to accept the fruit of actions.
Karanam gunasaingo'sya sadasadyonijanmasu:- Good wombs are those, in which there is abundance of pleasure, while bad ones are those, that bear much pain. The spirit, takes birth in good and evil wombs, because of its attachment to the modes, born of Prakrti.
The three modes - Sattva, Rajas and Tamas, are born of Prakrti. All the worldly objects and actions, are born of the modes of Prakrti. When the spirit attaches itself, to these modes, it has to take birth in good or bad wombs. If it is not seated in the body and has no feelings of 'l'ness and 'Mine'ness in this body, but remains established in the self, it will not be an enjoyer of pleasure and pain. It will become equanimous in pleasure and pain i.e., will become 'Svastha, (Gita 14/24). It can establish a relationship with Nature, or it can get fixed in the oversoul. It cannot merge in the non-self, because non-self (Matter) is perishable, while the self is eternal. Both, belong to two different classes.
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