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Chapter 13
Ahimsa:- Non-violence, means total absence of violence. It consists in inflicting no pain, on anyone, through a body, speech or mind. Pain or injury, can be inflicted in three ways - by one's own self, getting it inflicted by others, and by abetting it. Violence is inflicted, either out of anger, greed or delusion. Thus, violence is of nine kinds. Again, the nine kinds can be divided according to quantity, in three parts - a little, more, much more. Thus, the types of violence, come to twenty-seven. These twenty-seven kinds, of violence, can be inflicted through body, speech and mind. In this way, violence can be inflicted, in eighty-one ways.
Non-violence, can also be divided into four categories, according to place, occasion, time and person. A man may observe non-violence, in places of pilgrimage and temples, on occasions, such as on festivals, on days, such as a birthday and death anniversary etc., and to a person etc., such as cows, deer, preceptor, parents and children etc.
Total abstention from violence, or inflicting pain on any creature, at any place and time through speech, body or mind, is called universal non-violence.
Remedy:- A striver, should regard comfort, welfare and service of others, as his own, because the self, in every person is the same. By arousing this sort of discrimination, how can a person, inflict pain or injury on anyone? A feeling of non-violence, automatically develops, in him.
Ksantih:- 'KsanTI, means forbearance i.e., forgiveness. He, who has developed this feeling, never thinks of punishing an evil-doer, either himself or having him punished by others, in anyway. Even in having power, he does not nurse any thought of revenge, upon him.
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