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Chapter 12
Ye capyaksaramavyaktam:- The term 'Ye', stands for the strivers, who worship attributeless and formless, God.
The term 'Aksaram', stands for the Imperishable Brahma, Who is all Truth, all Consciousness and all Bliss consolidated, (it will be explained in the third verse of this chapter).
The term 'Avyaktam', stands for the Unmanifested, Who is incomprehensible to the senses. Here, the use of two adjectives 'Aksaram' (imperishable) and 'Avyaktam' (Unmanifest), has been made for attributeless and formless Brahma (It will also be explained in the third verse of this chapter).
It seems, that the Lord by using the term 'Api' (only), wants to compare the devotees who worship the Lord endowed with form, with those devotees who worship only the formless Absolute (Brahma), by regarding Him, superior.
Tesam ke yogavittamah:- Here the term 'Tesam', stands for both the devotees - those who worship God with attributes, and also those, who worship attributeless God. In the fifth verse of this chapter, this term has been used for devotees who worship attributeless, God, while in the seventh verse, it has been used for devotees, who worship God with attributes. So Arjuna wants to ask, which of the two, is better.
If we give a serious thought to the answer offered by the Lord to Arjuna's question, we come to realise the importance of Arjuna's question.
From the second verse of this chapter to the twentieth verse of the fourteenth chapter, Lord Krsna went on speaking continuously. This is the only occasion when Lord Krsna, spoke continuously for such a long time, by uttering seventy-three verses. It shows that, Lord Krsna wants to clarify many vital points. He wants to explain the identity of the Lord, Who is endowed with form, with Brahma, Who is formless; the means of attaining the two, and the marks of perfect devotees (Gita 12/13 - 19) and the wise (GIta 14/22 - 25) and how they may realize the importance of renouncement, of attachment to the world.
It means, that the supreme word, the most secret of all, for the supreme good of all beings, which the Lord wanted to announce, for the welfare of them, was disclosed in response to Arjuna's question inspired by Lord Krsna.
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