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Chapter 13
adhyatmajnananityatvam tattvajnanarthadarianam
etajjnanamiti proktamajnanam yadato'nyatha
Constancy, in the knowledge of the Supreme Spirit, in seeing God everywhere as the object of true knowledge—all this is declared to be knowledge (jnana), and what is contrary to it, is called ignorance (ajnana). 11
Comment:-
Adhyatmajnananityatvam:- All scriptures direct men towards God. With this point in view, a striver should dwell upon God to the best of his understanding. From arguments and counter arguments it is proved, that God exists at all times, while the world does not exist, at anytime. Every moment it is decaying. The Self or the Supreme Spirit, is eternal and imperishable, while the world is transitory, perishable and is subject to modifications. - The world, actually has no existence of its own, besides the Lord. The world, appears to exist, in the light of the Self or God. Thus, to dwell upon the negation of independent existence of the world, and ever-existence of God, is 'Adhyatmajiiananityatvam'.
Remedy:- Study of the sacred texts, listening to the divine discourses, and inquiries, constitute the remedy.
Tattvajnanarthadarsanam:- 'Tattvajnana' means, God. Constantly beholding Him, pervading everywhere is 'seeing God, as an object of tree' knowledge. A striver, should behold nothing else, besides the Lord, as He pervades everywhere, everytime, every person, thing, incident or circumstance. To have such a constant perception, is Tattvajnanarthadarsanam.
Etajjnanamiti proktamajnanam yadato'nyatha:- The twenty virtues, mentioned from 'Amanitvam' (absence of pride) in the seventh verse to 'Tattvajtianarthadarsanam' (beholding the Lord) in this verse, are all conducive to God-realization by wiping out a striver's identification, with the body. So these have been named, (true) knowledge. The opposites of these virtues are—pride, hypocrisy and violence etc. Such wicked propensities, are conducive to disinclination for God-realization, as well as, identification of the self, with a body. So they are named, ignorance.
An Important Fact
If a striver, by developing acute discrimination, can renounce his assumed affinity with a hody, all these virtues get naturally revealed, in him. Then he need not inculcate separate virtues, in him. A striver, should know the distinction between the real (Spirit), and the unreal (body). By knowing this distinction, his assumed affinity with body, is renounced. Secondly, he should have only an aim for God-realization.
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