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Chapter 12
Here the expression 'Sarvakarma', stands for religious sacrifice, charity, penance, service, and means of livelihood, according to one's caste and order of life, as well as, all other prescribed actions. 'Renouncement of the fruit of actions', does not mean, physical renouncement but the renouncement of the sense of mine, attachment and desire etc., for the fruit, of actions.
A striver, following the path of action, should not remain inactive, by thinking that there is no need for the performance of action, when he does not want to reap its fruit. Therefore, the Lord warns the strivers, "Let thy attachment not be to, inaction" (Gita 2/47).
In the ninth verse of the eighteenth chapter, also the Lord while describing the marks of the 'Sattvika tyaga', explained renouncement of the attachment to the fruit of actions as the 'Sattvika tyaga'.
When actions are performed, having renounced attachment, to the fruit of actions, the impetus to act, calms down and old attachment perishes. Without the desire for fruit of actions, affinity for actions, is totally renounced and new attachment does not arise. Then, nothing remains to be done for a striver, because it is attachment, desire, a sense of mine for action, and desire for fruit, which force, him to act. He may, physically restrain himself, from performing actions, for a short time. But so long as, he has attachment and aversion, his nature forces him, to act. The impetus to act, calms down only when actions are performed, without any selfish motive, having renounced attachment and aversion etc.
This means (of the renouncement of the fruit of action), is . very useful for those strivers, who have no natural reverence or devotion to words of God, with attributes and form, but have a natural inclination to do good, to others.
Where the Lord, advises to renounce desire for the fruit of action, He emphasizes, that it also implies renunciation of attachment, because with total renunciation of both, desire and attachment, we are liberated from the bondage of action (Gita 18/6).
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