Srimad Bhagavadgita-Rahasya OR Karma-Yoga-Sastra -Bal Gangadhar Tilak
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CHAPTER 6
श्रीभगवानुवाच । Translation:-(1) That man is to be called a Samnyasin and a Karma- Yogin, who performs (his Sastra-enjoined) duties, without
taking shelter in the Fruit of Action (that is, not having in his Mind a 'home' in the shape of Hope of Fruit). The niragni (that is, one who has given up Fire-ritual, "such as, agnihotra etc.), or the akriya (that is, one who sits absolutely quiet, without performing any Action whatsoever),
such a man is not (the true Samn5'asin, or the true Yogin). Description:- [ This is only a repetition of the statements made in the previous chapters, such as, "ekam samkhyam ca yogam ca"[2] ; or, " there is no Samnyasa except by Yoga"[3] ; or, "jneeyah sa nitya-samnyasa"[4]; and later on, where the whole subject-matter has been summarised in Chapter XVIII, the very same import is again repeated. In the state of a house-holder, one has to maintain an agnihotra (a perpetual sacrificial fire), and perform Yajnas, Yagas etc. But, as it was not necessary for a person, who had become an ascetic, to thus maintain a perpetual fire, it is stated in the Manu-Smrti, that he should become niragni (i. e., free from Fire-ritual), and live in the forest, and maintain himself by begging, and not take part in worldly affairs[5]. This dictum of Manu has been referred to in the first stanza above, and with reference to it, the Blessed Lord says that, " becoming 'mragrti’ or 'niskriya' is not a feature of true Samnyasa". True Samnyasa consists in giving up a Desireful Reason, or the Hope of Fruit. Samnyasa consists in the frame of the Mind, and not in the external act of giving up the maintenance of the sacrificial fire, or ritual. Therefore, that man alone, who gives up the Hope of Fruit, or the samkalpa, and thus performs his duties, can be called the true Samnyasin. This doctrine of the Gita is different from the doctrine of the Smrti-writers ; and I have to refer the reader to Chapter XI of the Gita-Rahasya (pp. 480-496), where I have clearly shown how the Gita harmonises it with the doctrine of the Smrtis. Having in this way explained what true Samnyasa is, the Blessed Lord now explains the difference between the Actions to be performed in the sadhanavastha, that is, in the state before Knowledge has been acquired, and those to be performed in the siddhavastha that is, after the Acquisition of Knowledge, giving up the Hope of Fruit — ] |
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